Dr. Jim's literal translation of John 1:1
En Archai - In Begining
This beginning is locative singular feminine nothing exists further back than this beginning. In Genesis 1:1 the word there is beginnings plural. Here in John 1:1, it is singular.
EIN - He kept on being.
This word is 3rd person singular imperfect tense indicative and active voice.
Ho LOGOS - The WORD
Normally translated WORD. But here it is a Hebraism. In the Old Testament when the Hebrews came to the word YHWH they did not say the word nor try to pronounce it but just referred to it as the Word or The Name. (After receiving the commandments from Moses, the Hebrew People were fearful of using the personal name of God.) The modern Hebrews say the word Adonai in it’s place. The name of course is the personal name of God which is translated from the King James version of the Bible as Jehovah.
Kai - and
Kai is a Greek conjunction here.
Ho LOGOS - The WORD - The Jehovah
EIN - He kept on being.
He kept on being (3rd person singular imperfect tense indicative mode and active voice) pros ton Theon.
Pros Ton Theon - toward The God
Pros is a preposition which means toward or up next to something. Ton Theon is accusative singular masculine. An explained translation of this would be: The Jehovah He Kept on being an inseparable part of the Godhead.
The last segment of this first verse in the Gospel of John is dynamic in it’s nature.
Kai - even so, yes, or truly
Kai is not exactly a conjunction here in this part of the verse but is a cumulative particle or particle of affirmation which should be translated even so or yes( page 208 in Zodervan’s analytical Greek Lexicon)
Theos ein Ho Logos - (The) God He kept on being the Word
Now this last part of this sentence or verse is what is called a predicate nominative. In simple language everything on either side of the linking verb nv (ein) is equal in absolute number gender and case. In other words "even yes indeed (the) Theos God" nominative sing masculine "He kept on being The Word" Nominative singular masculine.
The Jehovah Witness people put an (a) god in their new world translation. Now in all reality the Word and God are the same person in number gender and case. God is equal to the Word (Jehovah) and The Word is equal to God. Also there is a Definite article in front of Logos or Word and grammatically there is an exact same definite article in front of God. Both are in the (nominative) subject case both are the same person number gender and case. Finally, there is no such thing as an indefinate article (a) in the Greek language.
In absolute beginning He kept on being the Jehovah (JESUS) and Jehovah (JESUS) He kept on being an inseparable Part of the Godhead. Yes even truly (the) God He kept on being the Jehovah (Jesus).
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